Corruption and Bribery Essay Example

Corruption and Bribery Essay Definitions Bribery is a white neckband offense in which money. a favour or something else of value is promised to. given to. or taken from an person or corporation in an effort to rock his or its positions. sentiments. or determinations. Corruptness – is the usage of public’s delegated power in personal or close standing people involvement in order to acquire personal benefit. Types of Bribery We will write a custom essay sample on Corruption and Bribery specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Corruption and Bribery specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Corruption and Bribery specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Bribery of a Public Official. Any public functionary ( anyone moving in involvements of a state. for illustration president. frailty president. juryman etc. ) who demands. receives. or accepts a payoff in exchange for doing an illegal alteration in his responsibilities will be fined up to three times the value of the inducement and/or imprisoned for no more than 15 old ages. The public functionary may besides be prohibited from keeping any political or authorities office in the United States. Bribery of a Witness. Conversely. anyone who offers a payoff to a informant will be fined and/or imprisoned for up to two old ages. Any informant who demands. receives. or accepts a payoff in exchange for altered testimony faces a mulct of three times the value of the payoff and/or up to 15 old ages in prison. while anyone who bribes a informant faces a all right and/or up to two old ages in prison. Bribery of a Foreign Official. In 1977. The U. S. Congress accepted The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act. which made it illegal for an American corporation to corrupt a foreign authorities functionary with money or gifts in hopes of set downing or keeping of import concern contacts. Harmonizing to the act. all publically traded companies must maintain records of all concern transactions—even if the companies do non merchandise internationally—to guarantee that this act is non being violated. However. in the act. there are loopholes of which many U. S. corporations take advantage. For illustration. the act permits grease payments . which are inducements paid—without penalty—to foreign functionaries to assist hasten the completion of paperwork and to guarantee the reception of licences or licenses. Bank Bribery. Harmonizing to the Bank Bribery Amendments Act of 1985. 1 ) the solicitation of an employee. manager. etc. in any capacity in exchange for concern and 2 ) the credence of anything ( including repasts. amusement. and adjustments during travel ) but a legitimate wage. rewards and fees from anyone in connexion with the bank’s concern are prohibited. If any representative of a bank accepts a payoff. he will be fined three times the value of the inducement. or he will be imprisoned for up to thirty old ages. However. if the value of the payoff is less than $ 1. 000. the representative will be fined but sentenced to non more than one twelvemonth in gaol. If a bank functionary is offered a payoff. he must unwrap all information to the bank so that the state of affairs may be addressed suitably. Bribery in Sporting Contests. A featuring functionary who accepts a payoff in exchange for a promise to fix a clean event is guilty of graft and may be punished harmonizing to Torahs of a peculiar state. For illustration. if a referee is convicted of throwing a major featuring event. he will be fined. imprisoned for up to five old ages. or both. Negative effects of graft 1. Bribery corrupts the capitalist economic system. The capitalist system is based on competition in an unfastened and free market. where people tend to purchase the best merchandise at the best monetary value. Bribery corrupts the free-market mechanism by acquiring people to do purchases that do non honor the most efficient manufacturer. 2. Bribery is a sell-out to the rich. In any state of affairs ruled merely by money. the deeper pocket will predominate. If graft were universally practiced. adept testimony. justness in the tribunals. and everything else would be up for sale to the highest bidder. 3. Bribery produces cynicism and a general misgiving of establishments. It destroys people’s trust in the unity of professional services. of authorities and the tribunals. of jurisprudence enforcement. faith. and anything it touches. There is good grounds that societies which allow graft tend to hold societal agitation and possibly revolutions. 4. Bribery treats people as trade goods whose honors can be bought and sold. It therefore tends to degrade the regard we owe to other human existences. Corruption Perceptions Index Since 1995. Transparency International has published an one-year Corruption Perceptions Index ( CPI ) telling the states of the universe harmonizing to the grade to which corruptness is perceived to be among public functionaries and politicians . The organisation defines corruptness as the maltreatment of entrusted power for private gain . The 2003 canvass covered 133 states ; the 2007 study. 180. A higher mark means less ( perceived ) corruptness. The consequences show seven out of every 10 states ( and nine out of every 10 developing states ) with an index of less than 5 points out of 10. Methods and reading Transparency International commissioned Johann Graf Lambsdorff of the University of Passau to bring forth the Corruption Perceptions Index ( CPI ) . The CPI 2005 draws on 16 different polls and studies from 10 independent institutions†¦The establishments who provided informations for the CPI 2005 are: Columbia University. Economist Intelligence Unit. Freedom House. Information International. International Institute for Management Development. Merchant International Group. Political and Economic Risk Consultancy. United Nations Economic Commission for Africa. World Economic Forum and World Markets Research Centre. Early CPIs used public sentiment studies. but now merely experts are used. TI requires at least three beginnings to be available in order to rank a state in the CPI. TI writes in their Faq on the CPI that residents’ point of views correlate good with those of experts abroad. In the yesteryear. the experts surveyed in the CPI beginnings were frequently concern people from industrialized states ; the point of view of less developed states was underrepresented. This has changed over clip. giving progressively voice to respondents from emerging market economic systems. As this index is based on polls. the consequences are subjective and corrupt in itself. and less dependable for states with fewer beginnings. Besides. what is lawfully defined ( or perceived ) to be corruptness. differs between legal powers: a political contribution legal in some legal power may be illegal in another ; a affair viewed as acceptable tipping in one state may be viewed as graft in another. In former Soviet provinces. the term corruption itself has become a placeholder for the broader defeat with all alterations since the dissolution of the USSR. In the Arab universe. footings for corruptness had to be invented by advocators every bit late as the 1990s. Statisticss like this are. by nature. imprecise ; statistics from different old ages aren’t needfully comparable. The ICCR itself explains. †¦year-to-year alterations in a country’s mark consequence non merely from a altering perceptual experience of a country’s public presentation but besides from a altering sample and methodological analysis. Each twelvemonth. some beginnings are non updated and must be dropped from the CPI. while new. dependable beginnings are added. With differing respondents and somewhat differing methodological analysiss. a alteration in a country’s mark may besides associate to the fact that different point of views have been collected and different inquiries been asked†¦ despite anti-corruption reform†¦ or recent exposure of corruptness scandals†¦ it is frequently hard to better a CPI mark over a short clip period. such as one or two old ages. The CPI is based on informations from the past three old ages ( for m ore on this. see the inquiry on the beginnings of informations. below ) . This means that a alteration in perceptual experiences of corruptness would merely emerge in the index over longer periods of time . Criticism The Corruption Perceptions Index has drawn increasing unfavorable judgment in the decennary since its launch. taking to name for the index to be abandoned. This unfavorable judgment has been directed at the quality of the Index itself. and the deficiency of actionable penetrations created from a simple state ranking. Because corruptness is will to the full conceal. it is impossible to mensurate straight ; alternatively placeholders for corruptness are used. The CPI uses an eclectic mix of third-party studies to try public perceptual experiences of corruptness through a assortment of inquiries. runing from Do you trust the authorities? to Is corruptness a large job in your state? The usage of third-party study informations is a beginning of unfavorable judgment. The information can change widely in methodological analysis and completeness from state to state. The methodological analysis of the Index itself alterations from twelvemonth to twelvemonth. therefore doing even basic better-or-worse comparings hard. Media mercantile establishments. interim. often use the natural Numberss as a yardstick for authorities public presentation. without clear uping what the Numberss mean. The deficiency of standardisation and preciseness in these studies is cause for concern. The writers of the CPI argue that averaging adequate study informations will work out this ; others argue that aggregating imprecise informations merely masks these defects without turn toing them. In one instance. a local Transparency International chapter disowned the index consequences after a alteration in methodological analysis caused a country’s scores to increase—media reported it as an improvement . Other critics point out that definitional jobs with the term corruption makes the tool problematic for societal scientific discipline. Aside from preciseness issues. a more cardinal review is aimed at the utilizations of the Index. Critics are speedy to profess that the CPI has been instrumental in making consciousness and stimulating argument about corruptness. However. as a beginning of quantitative informations in a field hungry for international datasets. the CPI can take on a life of its ain. looking in cross-country and year-to-year comparings that the CPI writers themselves admit are non justified by their methodological analysis. The writers province in 2008: Year-to-year alterations in a country’s mark can either consequence from a changed perceptual experience of a country’s public presentation or from a alteration in the CPI’s sample and methodological analysis. The lone dependable manner to compare a country’s mark over clip is to travel back to single study beginnings. each of which can reflect a alteration in appraisal. The CPI produces a individual mark per state. which as noted above. can non be compared year-to-year. As such. the Index is about useless as a tool for measuring the impact of new policies. In the late 2000s. the field has moved towards unpackable. action-oriented indices ( such as those by the International Budget Partnership or Global Integrity ) . which typically measure public policies that relate to corruptness. instead than seek to measure corruption as a whole via proxy steps like perceptual experiences. These alternate steps use original ( frequently locally collected ) informations and are limited in range to specific policy patterns ( such as public entree to parliamentary budget paperss ) . Recent Bribery Scandals Siemens Case. twelvemonth 2008. German technology pudding stone Siemens. rocked by the worst graft dirt in the country’s history. won a tribunal inquiring the company for a $ 56 million mulct. Previously. a lower tribunal ordered the company to pay back 1000000s of dollars in net incomes after two former directors pleaded guilty to paying payoffs to win orders from the Italian Enel Group. Now the highest court in Germany. the Federal Court of Justice. instructed a lower tribunal to retry the instance against the former executives. who forwarded $ 8. 9 million to staff of the Italian electricity company in 2000. The tribunal threw out the judgement against Siemens and lifted the graft strong beliefs. The tribunal didn’t challenge that the payments were made. However. before 2002. graft was merely a offense if it harmed competition between German companies. the Judgess said. As no other German company command for the order and Enel was non a authorities bureau. the payments didn’t constitute corruptness at the clip. the Judgess said. Siemens faces probes in the United States and at least a twelve other states over claims its employees used payoffs to win contracts. The company has found $ 1. 9 billion of unclear payments made from 2000 to 2006. Daimler Case. Daimler. the keeping company of Mercedes-Benz autos and commercial vehicles. has agreed to pay a $ 185m mulct in an effort to avoid revelation of alleged payoffs the company paid in 22 states. Amongst the states implicated are Croatia. Latvia. Russia. Hungary. Serbia. Montenegro and Turkey – where good authorities contracts were awarded to Daimler subordinates between 1998 and 2008. In one illustration. it was claimed Daimler gave an armored Mercedes as a birthday gift to an functionary at a clip it was in negotiations to sell about 200 vehicles to the Turkmenistan Government. Possibly the most damnatory statement is that Daimler made payments to functionaries in Iraq under the Oil for Food plan. Hewlett Packard Case. At issue is the sale of some $ 47. 8 million worth of computing machine systems to the office of Russia’s prosecuting officer general. who besides happens to be the 1 that investigates corruptness instances in his state. Talk about a turn of sarcasm if. as studies suggest. HP is found guilty of paying about $ 11 million in bribe money to set down the contract. This is an probe of alleged behavior that occurred about seven old ages ago. mostly by employees no longer with HP. We are collaborating to the full with the German and Russian governments and will go on to carry on our ain internal probe. the HP spokeswoman said via electronic mail on Wednesday. hypertext transfer protocol: //www. telegraph. co. uk/comment/columnists/danroberts/3557215/Bribery-is-bad-for-business. hypertext markup language hypertext transfer protocol: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Bribery hypertext transfer protocol: //www. transparence. org/news_room/in_focus/2008/bpi_2008 hypertext transfer protocol: //blogs. wsj. com/law/2008/08/29/in-germany-bribery-doesnt-always-mean-corruption-siemens-finds/tab/article/ hypertext transfer protocol: //www. delna. lv/lat/page/2220/ hypertext transfer protocol: //www. lawyershop. com/practice-areas/criminal-law/white-collar-crimes/bribery-kickbacks/ hypertext transfer protocol: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Corruption_Perceptions_Index hypertext transfer protocol: //www. wheels24. co. za/News/Industry_News/Huge-bribery-scandal-hits-Daimler-20100324

Gender and the Decision to Run f essays

Gender and the Decision to Run f essays The article Entering the Arena explores the relationships of women entering the political arena of electoral office. Richard Fox and Jennifer Lawless explore why women choose to run for elective office and why there are more men in these elective offices than women. The authors argue that there are not enough surveys taken to fully understand why women choose to enter the electoral arena. Political scientists seem to focus on three phenomena that have come from surveys from past years. The incumbency advantage, candidate recruitment and the professions of the candidate play a role in why women do not run for electoral offices. Yet none of these explanations for womens under-representation considers the decision-making process by which women or men become candidates for public office (Entering 2). If the proper research is implemented in the next few years, I believe we will find the answers to these questions. The authors argue the experimental research on the initial decision to seek elective office is scarce and the experimental research on how people choose to run for office is difficult to implement. Their hypotheses are to study gender differences in political ambition through a survey of eligible women and men for electoral offices. Richard Fox and Jennifer Lawless used the Citizen Political Ambition Study, a national survey of possible men and women in the eligible pool for elective office, to explain why this under-representation of women exists (EtA 6). For the most part the prospective candidates backgrounds were made up of, law, business leaders, educators, and political activists. The political activists group was added for a diversity of occupations. The final results concurred that womens under-representation is prevalent in todays society. The gender-balanced eligibility pool ended up to be controlled by men. Regardless of the fact that women are just as...

Quality and Process Improvment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Quality and Process Improvment - Essay Example These three processes of quality and process improvement are interdependent and, hence, to be successful in our improvement process, we have to undertake all the three processes. As for quality and process improvement, I have learned how re-engineering of business processes can assist in achieve substantial improvement in business performance. This process involves rethinking and radical redesigning of business processes. Using this knowledge, I can redesign the business processes of my father’s small appliance repair company to enhance its performance. The knowledge I have obtained could help me in putting into consideration various critical measures of business performance like operational cost, reliability of services, and the speed of the processes during the re-engineering process. This could enhance the success of the process and thus making me a successful business manager. The knowledge I have obtained about quality and process improvement can help me to be able to ref ine various elements of the processes during the re-engineering process. Some of the elements of the processes that require refining during the re-engineering process are jobs and tasks undertaken by different individuals in the business. Preference constraints that determine what to be done first and what to follow and the flow management protocol also need refining. By refining these elements, I could increase the chances of obtaining the dramatic change that I will be seeking to obtain through the re-engineering process. I have also learned the importance of incorporating information technology during the process of quality and process improvement. One of the advantages of incorporating information technology in this process is that it can help in increasing the efficiency of various elements of the business processes. Moreover, introducing this technology can increase chances of obtaining more accurate performance measures, thus, enhancing the process of re-engineering. It can a lso enhance the process of evaluating the re-engineering process. With all these knowledge about the importance of information technology in promoting quality and process improvement in the business, I could select the appropriate information technology to apply. This will enhance the quality of services it provides, as well as improving its processes of business. Another thing that I have learned that will be very important in my career as a business manager is the importance of having a comprehensive trouble-shooting catalogue. This could give an inexperienced person in business an idea on the services provided, the time they can take, and their costs implications. The customers would, thus, get the required information without consulting the person who has specialized in proving those services. In return, the turnaround time on service delivery will reduce, thus, resulting in more customer satisfaction and, hence, customer loyalty. Using this knowledge, I would design a trouble-s hooting catalogue for my father’s small appliance repair company, thus, improving how it serves its customers in order to increase customer satisfaction. During my learning on quality and process improvement, I have come to understand the importance of inculcating the process of monitoring and evaluation in the business structure. This could help in revealing the places in which the business is

Quiz1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Quiz1 - Essay Example However, halting the talks means that the world losses the gains that would have come from multilateral trade. The rules responsible for governing antidumping laws and other important rules in trade are managed by the world trade organization WTO and the preferential trade agreements, but in case of conflicts, the WTO’s rules prevailed over the PTA. This means that countries like the U.S impose rules on other weaker partners that are rejected by other economies such as the Indian and the Chinese economies (Bhagwati). Without the multilateral trade agreements, templates developed by big economies such as the U.S rule over other countries. Additionally, the templates extend to other fields outside trade like the environmental issues as well as the labor standards. The U.S is seeking major emerging economies with similar ideas about trade so that they can form their own templates. When such ideas are combined, they will benefit the stronger trading partners and oppress the other members. Moreover, third world countries will have little influence on overall ideas suggested by the developed countries. This implies that the hegemonic countries like the U.S will benefit from the agreements alone. Such interests have made these developed countries to halt the talks that may take time to reach an

Security Threats to Banking

Security Threats to Banking INTRODUCTION The research project was undertaken to discover security threats and vulnerabilities experienced in First National Bank Botswana organization and how they mitigate them, this was carried out with the intention of making better and appropriate recommendations to combat them in the future and strengthen their information system and innovate some of their services for better competitive advantage and customer satisfaction. FIRST NATIONAL BANK BOTSWANA BACKGROUND First National Bank Botswana was registered in 1991, as a wholly owned subsidiary of First National Bank Holdings (Botswana). Various acquisitions led to the bank becoming a listed entity on the Botswana Stock Exchange in 1993. Today, they have shifted from being a bank with a predominantly retail focus to one that also successfully services the commercial and corporate market. Today products and services of First National Bank Botswana cover the requirements of everyone, from large corporate companies to small businesses and the individual. As at January 2008, we operate with a network of 17 branches and a total of 89 ATMs around the country. A strong customer focused culture ensures that our products are correctly packaged and accessible to all. https://www.fnbbotswana.co.bw/aboutus/index.html accessed on the 30 March 2010. MISSION To be recognised by all as the most well respected and most profitable leading financial services institution of first choice, building enduring and rewarding relationships with all our customers and amongst all stakeholders through the provision of exceptional customer service well skilled professionalism, reliable and efficient innovative products and solutions by our high achieving, motivated, proud and committed team, enabling us to get and keep customers. VISION We collaborate, support and empower each other through the consistent application of our aligned strategies and shared values, delivering maximum value to our customers and sharing the customer so as to add further value to them. Through this, we get and keep customers. CURRENT MARKET SITUATION ANALYSIS Currently the world was going through recession each and every organization across the globe felt the impact of the economic meltdown. Despite global recession and tough competition from competitors like Barclays bank, Standard chartered, Stabic bank and Bank Gaborone etc, First National Bank Botswana proved to be the most innovative bank in Botswana and it made profit unlike Barclays bank sales which had gone down, this shows that FNBB had increase in sales and market share. According to Imara report, September 2009, FNBB had a growth in turnover; the bank posted a strong set of results despite operating in a challenging business environment. Net interest income grew by 30.6% to P522.90 million (FY08: P400.25 million) mainly driven by a 17.0% increase in loans and advances. Profit before tax and profit after tax increased by 19.5% to P536.90 million and 8.7% to P406.72 million respectively. SIGNIFICANT MARKET SHARE According to Analyst Setlhabi P, 2009 FNBB is one of the leading banks in Botswana with the largest market share in terms of deposits (29.7%) and 2nd largest in terms of loans and advances (27.3%) after Barclays Bank Botswana. The pie chart above shows that FNBB has more market share in Botswana compared to other banks in Botswana. In terms of technology advancement and Information system FNBB is the most innovative bank, it was the first bank to provide internet and cell phone banking in Botswana to customers and it is currently the only listed bank providing cell phone banking services. In a bid to reach the unbanked market, First National Bank of Botswana has launched its new cell phone banking service, enabling banking activities such as balance enquiries, statement requests and the ability to make payments to third parties. Due to advancement in technology and Information system its market share has grown tremendously. FNBB SWOT ANALYSIS Below is a table showing the swot analysis of the First National Bank Botswana, from the table it shows that the bank has more strength, good opportunities than weakness and threats which is really good. PREVIOUS SYSTEM The previous system was manual based before introducing this advanced system, though they had computers nothing was automated customers had to go to the physical bank to deposit money, pay the bills and some of the important information was recorded on papers which can get lost or stolen easily. The system was costly to the bank because they had to use a lot of materials e.g. papers to record information and print the bank statement for customers and you would find that there will be long queues at the bank during the week. Customers could not dream buying items online, they manual system was time consuming and somehow hindered the growth of the FNBB market share. Customers who wanted to open accounts with the bank had to fill the application form, submit and wait for seven working days for their application to be processed and account to be opened. There was nothing like transferring the fund to third party account or interbank transfer the customer had to do it manual at the bank teller or cashier counter. CURRENT SYSTEM (S) The bank has several current information systems in place which has enhanced its performance and productivity resulting in customer satisfaction and convenience hence customer loyalty to FNBB. According to Mr. Edwin M FNBB have the following information systems in use. Online Banking Customers can access the bank account anywhere, anytime as long they have internet access where there are, and they can do any transaction; paying bills, buy online, view balance, bank statement and transfer funds to third party. Cell Phone Banking Now with cell phone banking in place customer do not need to be behind a computer doing transaction, they can access their funds/ bank account by using their mobile phones which is more convenient, fast and user friendly. Its new cell phone banking service, enabling banking activities such as balance enquiries, statement requests and the ability to make payments to third parties. The service is accessible through any handset in Botswana and uses SMS or a menu-based technology for customers to complete their banking transactions, increasing mass market reach and adding functionality to First National Bank of Botswanas (FNBB) offerings. The new FNB Cell phone banking offering is a natural extension from the pioneering beginnings of the in Contact service, said Yolisa Lejowa, FNBB head of electronic banking. Initially the service will only be available on the Mascom network but we envisage activating FNB Cell phone banking on the Orange network as well, shortly. By introducing these systems the bank has saved a lot of money which would be used for stationery in the manual system and the bank saw a great positive impact on their daily activities, long queues is the thing of the past, productivity, efficiency and market share has increased. New customers can even apply for bank accounts online without going to the bank as long as they provide valid details; everything will be processed within a short period of time. Now customers have the bank virtual bank with them wherever they go. Some of the Information systems are; Transaction Processing system Human resource Management system Executive management system INFORMATION RESOURCE AND CONTROL According www.datamonitor.com head of electronic banking (chief information officer) at FNBB has a critical role and responsible for the entire security of the organization, plan and implement technology advancement and innovations to ensure that FNBB stays atop of the market in the banking industry in Botswana. The Electronic bank head critical evaluate the security systems ability to protect bank and customer data. According to Eddie M in interviews response stated that chief information officer overlook the entire organization information system, to ensure that all resources are utilized within the budget and enforce higher security in the system to ensure business continuity. This is achieved by defining, updating, implementing IT strategy and align IT objectives and programs to enterprise objectives and strategies. By applying the above critical roles result in data privacy and confidentially, data integrity, authentication, non-repudiation. The head of electronic banking of FNBB set security privileges in the organization to ensure that certain areas and information is only accessed by authorized personnel or user. He carries out and enforces comprehensive security policy in the organization. According to www.fdic.gov/news/news/financial/1999/FIL9968b.doc A comprehensive information security policy should outline a proactive and ongoing program incorporating three components; Prevention Detection Response E-banking services must be delivered on a consistent and timely basis in accordance with high customer expectations for a constant and rapid availability and potential high transaction demand. The bank must be able to deliver online banking services to all end-users and be able to maintain such availability in all circumstances. ORGANISATION SECURITY SYSTEM RISK System risk is a potential problem, situation that if it materializes, may adversely affect the business operation or system operation. http://www.pathways.cu.edu.eg/ . According to Eddie M 26 March 2010 Interviews. The use of information system which is online banking and cell phone banking has brought some risks and threats which are as follows; information theft, hacking of the system, System Failure due to hardware problem or power failure even software crushing, backup gets corrupted sometimes. The above table summarizes the system risks that exist with the use of information system; some of the risks are intentional were the user or unauthorized person get to do some modification in the system database/ some system components which will compromise availability or integrity of the data produced, processed. Some of the threats are accidental where by the user discloses his/her online banking details leading to account hacking and money theft. Network malfunction/ interruption is one of the major threats, sometimes network hardware components fails leading to break of data transfer between computers and servers leading to online system been unable to function normal (down). Electricity blackout its a major concern in Botswana because it happens more often resulting in online banking and cell phone banking being inaccessible during the period, as cell phone network goes down during electricity blackout and some electronics components tends to fails as well leading to system failure as information systems are comprised of different electronics components. All the above mentioned system risks and threats are the main faced by First National Bank Botswana. SYSTEM RISK MITIGATION To mitigate risks and threats board of directors and the head of electronic banking must ensure that appropriate security control processes are in place for online banking. (FNBB Report, 2009). To deal with this risks authorization privileges and authentication measures, logical and physical access control, adequate infrastructure security to maintain appropriate boundaries and restriction on both external user activities and data integrity of transactions, record and information should be implemented in the bank. http://www.bis.org/publ/bcbs98.htm. SECURITY CLOSED CIRCUIT TELEVISION (CCTV) CCTV is used to capture and monitor all customer and employee activities inside and outside the bank building for security reasons. Youll find CCTVcameras sweeping the perimeter and parking areas, lobbies, drive-up windows and ATMS. Almost everyone who has worked in the banking industry and many customers has used CCTV to prevent and/or identify illegal activity at banking facilities. Video tapes and digital recordings capture the faces and activities of everyone using bank properties. (Pirraglia W). The captured recordings are archived bydate, so prior recordings can be located and used to solve problems and help apprehend perpetrators of illegal bank activity. Most of the banks around the world have cctv installed in their buildings and around ATM terminals, so FNBB use CCTV for the same purpose as explained above, all of their building are monitored by CCTV.

Marina Gana Vida Essay

PROBLEM: What could Jonah Nobleza do to balance the employment and production of MGV? OBJECTIVES: To be able to find an alternative way to scale-up the production without sacrificing the mission of MGV. To prove to the investors that MGV is a successful social enterprise with viable economic. To be able to spot the best possible solution balancing employment vs. production. AREAS OF CONSIDERATION: Strengths The staffs of MGV are all professionally trained. Providing health products to consumers Promoting environmentally friendly fishing practices Well-developed facilities Provides healthy fish farming Women are skilled in fish processing Opportunities Providing business opportunities to Muslim women in Davao community Having more loyal customers Adopt technology Weakness Limited capacity of production Lack of investors Not using chemical pesticides that reduces the quantity of fish Threats Competition of other fishing industries Natural or man-made calamities ALTERNATIVE COURSES OF ACTION: Stick to their goals to hire more workers by adding another processing plant Merge machine labour and manual labour in production process Replace the manual labour into automated labour process while the workers will serve as indirect employees. RECOMMENDATION: The best alternative course of action is the second solution, which is merging of manual and automated labour process which is in production there will be a machine to help fasten their production for better labour process and to maintain the employment, there should also be a manual process for the workers to help manipulate and monitor the machines. CONCLUSION: We therefore conclude that our recommendation can help the company increase their production without eradicating workers in view of the fact that they can also help in monitoring the machinery to speed up production and we can assign them in manipulating the machines. Adding more machines also means hiring more workers and as a result of having faster production. As their goal is to provide employment to many poor household they were able to maintain their social enterprise.

October Sky The Movie Essay

The movie October Sky deals with a lot of themes that still exist in societies all over the world today. One of the main themes and perhaps the most obvious is the inspiring idea of chasing one’s dream and never giving up until success is found. In the movie, we find Homer Hickam, an average small-town boy, intrigued by the launch of Soviet satellite Sputnik and infatuated with the idea of joining the space race and making his own rockets. Homer becomes inspired to better himself. He wants to successfully build rockets and with further encouragement from his teacher, Miss Riley, he and his friends enter a science fair in which they have the chance to receive college scholarships. This is Homer’s dream and he sets his goals accordingly to achieve his dream. Homer doesn’t allow any obstacle, even family troubles, to stop him from obtaining his dream. His recognition of his goals and persistence in achieving them is a very admirable thing to do and is something that still happens all the time. Over different decades the dreams may change and the challenges one face to achieve them may be different but no matter what decade, people are always going to have dreams and goals they want to achieve in their lives. Every person has a desire to be successful and happy. Success and achievement of dreams does not come easy. A person must have determination to be successful and the theme of aspiring to a goal and a better life does not go away over decades, no matter how big or small the dream is. Family conflict is another theme that is universal for many reasons. In several ways, family conflict is combined with the theme of the generation gap. This is because family conflict is often caused by a lack of understanding between people and that most often occurs between adults and children/teenagers. In October Sky, the conflict between Homer and his father, John, was in many ways inevitable. Homer and John were bought up in very different worlds. John grew up in a traditional world where most things were black or white – right or wrong and things were always done the same way. Homer is living his  teenage years in a time where the future of small towns is uncertain and the United States is being dragged into a technological age. Growing up in such different worlds leaves the two with very different thoughts and perspectives on just about everything which means they are no doubt going to clash on those points. Their different perspectives cause Homer and John to rarely see eye to eye on things. The only thing they seemed to have in common was the fact that they were both very stubborn and that worked against them. Family conflicts are often inevitable, even to this day. The generation gap between Homer and John that caused a lot of their problems obviously still occurs between families in every country of our decade and will probably still occur for the rest of time. The themes dealt with in October Sky, such as the pursuit of a dream, family conflict, generation gap and more such as financial problems have been around for a long time and probably for a long time to come. www.wikipedia.comwww.imdb.com